The
main disadvantage of PC Crash is loss of your Important files or data
and This is very common problem in these days. So Today in this Trick I
am going to share some reasons why your PC crashes and their solutions.
There are many signs when your PC creash But The comman fetal error that
comes when your pc crash.
Fatal error: When the system has
become unstable or is busy then it says. "Enter to return to Windows" or
"press Control-Alt-Delete to restart your computer". If you do this you
will lose any unsaved information in all open applications."
You have just been struck by the Blue Screen of Death. Anyone who uses Microsoft Windows will be familiar with this.
What can you do? More importantly, how can you prevent it happening?
Hardware conflict:
The
number one reason why Windows crashes is hardware conflict. Each
hardware device communicates to other devices through an interrupt
request channel (IRQ). These are supposed to be unique for each device.
For example, a printer usually connects internally on IRQ 7. The
keyboard usually uses IRQ 1 and the floppy disk drive IRQ 6. Each device
will try to hog a single IRQ for itself. If there are a lot of devices,
or if they are not installed properly, two of them may end up sharing
the same IRQ number. When the user tries to use both devices at the same
time, a crash can happen.
The way to check if your computer has a hardware conflict is through the following route:
Goto Start >> Settings >> Control Panel >> System-Device Manager.
Often
if a device has a problem a yellow sign '!' appears next to its
description in the Device Manager. Highlight Computer (in the Device
Manager) and press Properties to see the IRQ numbers used by your
computer. If the IRQ
number appears twice, two devices may be using it.
Sometimes
a device might share an IRQ with something described as 'IRQ holder for
PCI steering'. This can be ignored. The best way to fix this problem is
to remove the problem device and reinstall it.
Sometimes you may have to find more recent drivers on the internet to make the device function properly. A good resource is
www.driverguide.com.
If the device is a soundcard, or a modem, it can often be fixed by
moving it to a different slot on the motherboard (be careful about
opening your computer, as you may void the warranty).When working inside
a computer you should switch it off, unplug the mains lead and touch an
unpainted metal surface to discharge any static electricity. To be fair
to Mcft, the problem with IRQ numbers is not of its making. It is a
legacy problem going back to the first PC designs using the IBM 8086
chip. Initially there were only eight IRQs. Today there are 16 IRQs in a
PC. It is easy to run out of them. There are plans to increase the
number of IRQs in future designs.
Bad Ram:
Ram
(random-access memory) problems might bring on the blue screen of death
with a message saying Fatal Exception Error. A fatal error indicates a
serious hardware problem. Sometimes it may mean a part is damaged and
will need replacing. But a fatal error caused by Ram might be caused by a
mismatch of chips. For example, mixing 70-nanosecond (70ns) Ram with
60ns Ram will usually force the computer to run all the Ram at the
slower speed. This will often crash the machine if the Ram is
overworked.
One way around this problem is to enter the BIOS
settings and increase the wait state of the Ram. This can make it more
stable. Another way to troubleshoot a suspected Ram problem is to
rearrange the Ram chips on the motherboard, or take some of them out.
Then try to repeat the circumstances that caused the crash. When
handling Ram try not to touch the gold connections, as they can be
easily damaged.
Parity
error messages also refer to Ram. Modern Ram chips are either parity
(ECC) or non parity (non-ECC). It is best not to mix the two types, as
this can be a cause of trouble.
EMM386 error messages refer to memory
problems but may not be connected to bad Ram. This may be due to free
memory problems often linked to old Dos-based programmes.
BIOS settings:
Every
motherboard is supplied with a range of chipset settings that are
decided in the factory. A common way to access these settings is to
press the F2 or delete button during the first few seconds of a boot-up.
Once
inside the BIOS, great care should be taken. It is a good idea to write
down on a piece of paper all the settings that appear on the screen.
That way, if you change something and the computer becomes more
unstable, you will know what settings to revert to.
A common BIOS
error concerns the CAS latency. This refers to the Ram. Older EDO
(extended data out) Ram has a CAS latency of 3. Newer SDRam has a CAS
latency of 2. Setting the wrong figure can cause the Ram to lock up and
freeze the computer's display.
Microsoft Windows is better at
allocating IRQ numbers than any BIOS. If possible set the IRQ numbers to
Auto in the BIOS. This will allow Windows to allocate the IRQ numbers
(make sure the BIOS setting for Plug and Play OS is switched to 'yes' to
allow Windows to do this.).
Viruses:
Often
the first sign of a virus infection is instability. Some viruses erase
the boot sector of a hard drive, making it impossible to start. This is
why it is a good idea to create a Windows start-up disk.
Go to >> Start-Settings >> Control Panel >> Add/Remove Programs
Here,
look for the Start Up Disk tab. Virus protection requires constant
vigilance. A virus scanner requires a list of virus signatures in order
to be able to identify viruses. These signatures are stored in a DAT
file. DAT files should be updated weekly from the website of your
antivirus software manufacturer. An excellent antivirus programme is
McAfee VirusScan by Network Associates (www.nai.com). Another is Norton
AntiVirus 2000, made by Symantec (www.symantec.com).
Printers:
The action of sending a document to print creates a bigger file, often called a postscript file.
Printers
have only a small amount of memory, called a buffer. This can be easily
overloaded. Printing a document also uses a considerable amount of CPU
power. This will also slow down the computer's performance.
If the
printer is trying to print unusual characters, these might not be
recognised, and can crash the computer. Sometimes printers will not
recover from a crash because of confusion in the buffer. A good way to
clear the buffer is to unplug the printer for ten seconds. Booting up
from a powerless state, also called a cold boot, will restore the
printer's default settings and you may be able to carry on.
Software:
A
common cause of computer crash is faulty or badly-installed software.
Often the problem can be cured by uninstalling the software and then
reinstalling it. Use Norton Uninstall or Uninstall Shield to remove an
application from your system properly. This will also remove references
to the programme in the System Registry and leaves the way clear for a
completely fresh copy.
The System Registry can be corrupted by old
references to obsolete software that you thought was uninstalled. Use
Reg Cleaner by Jouni Vuorio to clean up the System Registry and remove
obsolete entries. It works on Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows 98 SE
(Second Edition), Windows Millennium Edition (ME), NT4 and Windows 2000.
Read
the instructions and use it carefully so you don't do permanent damage
to the Registry. If the Registry is damaged you will have to reinstall
your operating system. Often a Windows problem can be resolved by
entering Safe Mode. This can be done during start-up. When you see the
message "Starting Windows" press F4. This should take you into Safe
Mode.
Safe Mode loads a minimum of drivers. It allows you to find and fix problems that prevent Windows from loading properly.
Sometimes
installing Windows is difficult because of unsuitable BIOS settings. If
you keep getting SUWIN error messages (Windows setup) during the
Windows installation, then try entering the BIOS and disabling the CPU
internal cache. Try to disable the Level 2 (L2) cache if that doesn't
work.
Remember to restore all the BIOS settings back to their former settings following installation.
Overheating:
Central
processing units (CPUs) are usually equipped with fans to keep them
cool. If the fan fails or if the CPU gets old it may start to overheat
and generate a particular kind of error called a kernel error. This is a
common problem in chips that have been overclocked to operate at higher
speeds than they are supposed to. One remedy is to get a bigger better
fan and install it on top of the CPU.
CPU problems can often be fixed
by disabling the CPU internal cache in the BIOS. This will make the
machine run more slowly, but it should also be more stable.
Power supply problems:
With
all the new construction going on around the country the steady supply
of electricity has become disrupted. A power surge or spike can crash a
computer as easily as a power cut.
If this has become a nuisance for
you then consider buying a uninterrupted power supply (UPS). This will
give you a clean power supply when there is electricity, and it will
give you a few minutes to perform a controlled shutdown in case of a
power cut.
It is a good investment if your data are critical, because a power cut will cause any unsaved data to be lost.